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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a lover of coffee you're probably aware that different types of beans produce varying flavor profiles. Learn about four of the most common varieties: Arabica. Robusta. Liberica. and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans, a variety of Liberica which is grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a sweeter and tarter flavor profile, and are often added to blends of beans to add depth.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans comprise 75% of all global production. Arabica beans are more mild and sweeter than Robusta, and they come in different flavors. The flavor and aroma of coffee can be affected by the conditions in the conditions in which it grows and the processing methods used.

The word "500g Coffee beans" is derived from the Arabic word that means berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds that develop in bright red berries. It is believed that the ancient Ethiopian shepherds discovered that their goats were energy-rich after eating these fruit, and the cultivation of coffee quickly became widespread across the globe.

Coffee beans can be grown at higher altitudes and are capable of flourishing when exposed to cool temperatures and plenty of rain. This is why Arabica coffee is thought to be the best tasting kind of coffee.

Many specialty coffee beans for sale shops and roasters are focused on the ethical sourcing of arabica beans, with a focus on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies blend arabica beans to create unique specialty coffees that are suitable for a variety of brewing methods. Blending is a way to control the aroma, flavor and body as well as the acidity of the coffee. It is typically preferred to achieve a consistent and balanced taste that appeals to a larger market.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most common type of coffee bean grown in the world. They have a higher amount of caffeine per bean than Arabica and are more resistant to diseases and pests. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acid, which are antioxidants that occur naturally. However, these acids can cause oxidation in the process of brewing coffee and could result in unpleasant flavors.

The plant itself is more robust than arabica, and can grow in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It can tolerate higher temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It is faster growing and produces more coffee per plant than arabica, making it a cheaper crop to grow.

While it may seem counterintuitive however, arabica and robusta beans are often blended to make coffee blends. If you notice names like Uganda or Kenya on the bag of coffee it's possible that there's also some robusta.

Although some roasters only use arabica beans, most do blend both varieties to lower costs and preserve quality. To ensure the quality of the flavor, it is essential to select a high-quality beans from a source you trust. This can be achieved by buying your beans directly from a farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans have a shape that is like a football, that makes them different from other types of coffee beans. They have a unique aroma that is floral and fruity with smokey undertones. They are often added to other coffee bean varieties to add an extra, stronger flavor.

Liberica coffee beans are available in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo), and Southeast Asia. They are adaptable to humid, hot climates and can thrive at low altitudes. They also have a better resistance to disease than Arabica and Robusta.

These qualities make them perfect for growing at home. It is possible to purchase the seeds on the internet from a variety of sources, but it's recommended to purchase locally-owned producers to ensure the quality of the beans. The ideal conditions to grow Liberica coffee include fertile deep volcano soils, with a pH that is moderately acidic, and enough annual rainfall.

Excelsa is a different variety of coffee bean. It was once classified as a distinct species, but has now been reclassified as a Liberica variant. These coffee beans are elongated ovals that are cultivated on 20 to 30 feet coffee plants that are located at medium altitudes. Their unique taste is both sweet and tart, making them a popular option for blends made at home. They have a lighter aroma and higher caffeine levels than Arabica or Robusta but they still have a unique depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Excelsa coffee beans aren't as widely used as Arabica and Robusta, although they're fourth popular. They were considered to be an entirely different species of coffee until 2006, when they were classified as a synonym for Coffea Liberica var. dewevrei. They are grown in Southeast Asia today and account for 7% the world's production of coffee. The coffee beans are shaped as teardrops and are dark roast coffee beans and mysterious in taste. They're typically used in blends to give extra body and a delicious, tart, ripened fruit flavor.

Arabica beans are the most sought-after, and are well-known for their the most delicious taste. They grow best at high altitudes, and they thrive in warm tropical climates. They also have a touch of acidity. When roasted and brewed properly they may be flavored with notes of nuts, chocolate, or even fruit.

Robusta is an extremely close second to Arabica and makes up about 40 percent of the world's beans. These beans are smaller and rounder, but have twice as much caffeine as Arabica. They are also more bitter than the other two types and have an earthy and woody taste.

Now that you know the four most widely used varieties of coffee beans now is the time to pick your ideal coffee. If you're looking for a silky soft, delicate flavor, go for an arabica bean or a blend of arabica and robusta beans.